TRAVELLING INFORMATION

Kenya offers travellers an unparalleled range of options. The incredible diversity of landscapes, cultures, wildlife and activities mean endless opportunities. Here I will mainly focus on the Kenyan coastal strip.

With so many choices at hand, some people find the prospect of planning a trip quite daunting. It doesn't have to be that way. In Coastal Kenya it is very easy to plan and prepare for a safari that is as individual as you are, and that satisfies your own personal needs and interests.
If you are planning a trip, use this blog to explore the Kenyan Coast in advance, and decide where you would like to go, what you would like to see and what you would like to do.

Beaches
The coastline of Kenya is a world of enthralling history and natural beauty, lined with pristine palm fringed beaches, and the calm inviting waters of the Indian Ocean. The beaches are broken by the wide mouth of Kilifi Creek, whose azure waters are a popular port of call on the international yachting circuit.
The beaches found within the region are home to a wide range of World Class resorts with fine cuisine and services. The peaceful beach havens of Mtwapa and Takaungu offer an ideal escape from the outside world, with endless deserted beaches. The offshore reefs are alive with coral, myriad fish, sea turtles and dolphins. Both outer and inner reef walls offer world class diving with spectacular coral gardens and drop offs.

Life style

Cuisine
Coastal Kenya eating has partly been made up of Asian and European contributions but the famous Swahili cuisine, the only traditional cooking in Kenya which is loved by many, is a mixture of Arab and Hindu influences. Some of the typical dishes are actually Hindu or Arab specialties adapted to the local ingredients.

Meat eaten is mainly beef and mutton and to a lesser extent fish and chicken. Meat is stewed or grilled and is usually garnished with potatoes, rice or vegetables.

Kebabs are also very popular, imported from the Arab cuisine but adapted to the local raw materials. Samosas, originated in India, are small dough rolls stuffed with spiced minced meat or vegetables and fried. Some drops of lime juice are finally added. Chapatis are corn flour tortillas. They can be soaked in the breakfast coffee, or served with coconut sauce (tui) beans in Swahili language is called “Maharagwe ya Nazi” or can also be served with different types of stew.
Mahambri is a bun which is usually served with milk tea or black tea.

Drinks
Tea (Chai in Swahili), is essential. It is usually served with milk and sugar.
If you want some Coffee you will have to specify which kind of coffee, there is 4 types of coffee (1) whaite coffee this is milk coffee (2) Black coffee this is the coffee without milk (3) sweet black coffee (kahawa tamu) this coffee mixed with sugar and spices (4) Arabica coffee (kahawa uchungu).

Entertainments
Majority of coast people fallen in love with traditional music especially Taarab genre from Swahili tribe The root word of taarab, tariba, means "to be moved or agitated." Like much of Swahili culture, taarab began in the Kenyan port of Lamu. After studying there, early this century blind singer and oud (fretless lute) player Mbaruku helped move the music's creative center south to Mombasa. In the '1930s, Mombasa's Johar and Morning Star Orchestras became taarab's first full-sized ensembles. Taarab songs explore romance and marriage, though their stylized Swahili poetry can suggest political interpretations. During the wedding season in Mombasa, people flood the streets coming and going to and from men's and especially women's taarab parties where musicians play styles of music especially suited to each day of the week-long wedding ritual.
Taarab is the main entertainment during wedding parties where much part of the night women outshine one another in wearing elegant dresses, jewelry and henna-decorated hands and feet.

TRAVELLERS GUIDE FOR YOUR TRIP TO KENYA

When you are planning your trip first you should make decision for how long would you want to stay in Kenya and how many destinations you want to visit and how much is your budget.
Another choice is to decide on 2 or 3 destinations and spend a few days exploring each one. The choice is yours.
The Coastline of Kenya offers a diverse range of environments all within relatively close proximity to one another, and has an excellent domestic travel infrastructure. This means that you can choose to either stay based in a single location or to move around the coastline and see a range of different places.
Staying in a single place lets you explore that area in great detail. In wilderness areas, this is the best way to really get to experience many facets of an ecosystem. Coastal Kenya & Kenya's rich diversity of wildlife means that no two experiences in the wild are ever the same. Each day you'll experience and see completely different things. Spending time in a single location also allows you to really get to know and learn from the local cultures, and to get to know locals on an individual level.
Alternatively, it is possible in to take a safari to a completely different destination every single day. This is a good option for travellers who like variety of experience and environment. In a single trip to the Kenyan Coast, you can visit wildlife reserves, tropical forests, beautiful beaches, & historical monuments.

WHO ARE YOU COMING WITH
Whether you are travelling solo or looking for a family trip, Mombasa & its environs has plenty of options to suit.
Think in advance about whether or not you'd like to join an organized safari group, or have your own private transport and guides.
There is plenty to keep the single traveller busy. Organized safaris and camping trips are often great social experiences and a good way to meet other travellers. Kenyan coast is popular with independent travellers, and is quite easy to meet up with travelling companions on the road.
For couples, it is a perfect destination for a relaxing break. We have many secluded, private guesthouses, camps and hotels ideal for romantic stays or honeymoons.
The Coast is also a great family destination. Kids love Kenyan coastline, and the sights and experiences of a safari can outdo any theme park. There are hotels that cater especially for families and have special facilities, programs and safari guides for children.

YOUR OWN STYLE
Look at as many options as you can before you come. Try and plan for the perfect holiday for yourself. If you want five star Luxury accommodation you'll be spoilt for choice. But if you want to really rough it and experience life away from the trappings of civilization it can be equally easily arranged.
Think about how you are going to get around and how long it will take. Do you want to use light aircraft to avoid long road trips, or do you enjoy the experience of driving? It is possible to plan a safari that blends adventure and relaxation, luxury and natural simplicity, social experiences and solitude.

PLANNING & PACKING
It is often said that Kenya is a cold country with a hot sun, as the blend of high altitudes and tropical sun make for a unique and variable climate. This should be kept in mind when packing for a visit to its coastline. Basically the traveller should come prepared for hot and humid conditions.
Packing for the trip requires some careful thought and consideration. Ultimately your packing should be dictated by the activities you are planning to undertake.
If you are travelling extensively throughout the coastline or country at large make sure that you bring suitable luggage. Suitcases and bags should be able to withstand plenty of handling and dusty conditions. Hard suitcases are ideal, but can take up a lot of space.
If you are travelling by domestic/chartered flights, remember that there are luggage restrictions, particularly on smaller aircraft. Check in advance with your Charter airline or Safari/Tour operator.
For those planning a lot of travel by public transport or trekkers, a backpack is advisable. Bring a sturdy, well constructed pack with orthopaedic support and lockable zips and catches.
A small daypack is ideal for carrying cameras, travel documents and basic everyday items.
Equal consideration should be paid to what you bring with you.
Casual, lightweight, and comfortable clothing is usually the best. For walking safaris or game viewing on foot clothing should be of neutral colour, and white, bright or vividly patterned clothing avoided. Studies have proven that most African game animals are able to see bright blue over any other colour.
Strong footwear is advisable if you are planning to do any walking. For serious climbers and trekkers a good pair of hiking boots should be brought with you.
Remember that the tropical/Equatorial sun is strong and burns quickly. Wide brimmed hats are preferable to baseball caps for sun protection. Both sunglasses and a good quality sunscreen (rated SPF15 or higher) should be used.
A good quality insect repellent is worth bringing. You should bring your own Toiletries with you. Basic toiletry items are widely available.
Any personal Prescription drugs should be brought if necessary. Also bring the generic names for these drugs in case they need to be replaced locally. If you have prescription glasses it is wise to bring a spare pair.
For those planning lengthy treks or camping expeditions, carrying a basic medical kit is also a good idea. A small Flashlight/Torch and a Swiss Army knife are good accessories to carry with you. If you have a video camera battery charger or other electrical items, bring your own converter plug set if needed (the electricity supply is 220 Volt, 50 Hz with a square pin 13 amp plug).
A good quality pair of Binoculars is essential for effective game viewing..
Divers will find excellent dive gear for hire in Kenya, but may also wish to bring their own regulators or dive computers. Those with prescription masks should definitely bring them along. Dive Certification Cards and log documents should be brought along.
All travel documentation should be kept together securely. This should include tickets, Passports (with appropriate visa entries), Vaccination Certificates, and Travel Insurance documents.
Additional photocopies of Passport, Air ticket and Traveller's Cheque numbers should be brought and packed separately. Use our personalized Kenya Travel kit to print records of all this information. Take several copies with you and leave some at home.
Take your credit cards together Traveller's Cheques and some U.S. Dollars cash.

GETTING THERE
You can get to Coastal Kenya by traveling via Jomo Kenyatta International Airport in Nairobi or Moi International Airport in Mombasa.
Visas are required for entry. Visitors can also enter by road from Tanzania, Uganda, Ethiopia, Sudan or Somalia. Immigration should be processed at land border stations.
Entry by sea is possible, and immigration should be processed at a port facility.

PHOTOGRAPHIC GUIDE
Kenyan coastline is one of the great photographer's destinations. The great diversity of landscapes, people, wildlife and history make for unparalleled photo opportunities.
For the dedicated photographer, a trip here is the chance of a lifetime. Come fully prepared and equipped to take full advantage of the ideal photographic environment. Bring along even more film than you may think you need or you can just buy quality film locally, though you may not be able to purchase film while on safari or in remote areas . But in this era of technology it’s better to come with digital cameras.
For early mornings and late afternoons and in other low light conditions, it is best to have some ASA/ISO 200, 400, or even faster film, but for good daylight conditions ASA/ISO 50 and 100 speed film will suffice.
A good 35mm SLR Camera with interchangeable lenses is highly recommended. Bring a long lens (an 80mm-300mm zoom lens is best) for wildlife photography, while a 35mm-70mmlens is a good general lens for landscapes. For bright conditions a UV filter may be helpful. Those with an interest in flowers or insect life may wish to pack a macro.
Some safari companies provide rooftop camera mounts or bean bag camera rests.
Bring a good solid camera and kit bag to cope with travel and handling. A lens cleaning cloth and a blower brush will be necessary to cope with dust. If you have a Digital or Hi8 Video camera bring plenty of tape and long life batteries and adaptors for their rechargers (the electricity supply is 220 Volt, 50 Hz with a square pin 13 amp plug). Most hotels have charging facilities.
A good pair of binoculars is very important both for everyday game viewing and for scoping good photo opportunities. Birders may wish to bring a spotter scope and tripod.

Kenya Airlines

Mainly used for international arrivals and departures. Internal flights are served by the airfields and airstrips found in most major towns, conservation areas and tourist destination areas within the country.

International Airlines To Kenya
International airlines from North to South Africa, Indian Ocean Islands, East and West Europe to Middle East and Far East all converge to one point – KENYA. International airlines to Kenya serve Kenya as their main destination due to massive tourist in the country or as a transit destination due to its Geographical position, stable governance and peace prevailing in the country unlike any other Country in Africa.

Light AirCraft
Light aircraft are available for charter to destinations that have no scheduled flights. There is a range of single and twin engine aircraft offering a minimum of three
passengers seats and up to 27. All principal lodges and tented camps have their own airstrips suitable for light aircraft. The establishment then provides vehicles for hire by those who arrive by air, while within the area. To avoid the rough roads to some interior areas like the Masai Mara and Amboseli, scheduled flights have been
designed to serve the important tourist destination areas within the country by small private airline companies and also the national carrier, Kenya Airways.


Booking
Booking is done through authorized Traveling Agencies or private traveling Agencies all over the country.

UPON ARRIVAL
Moi International Airport, Mombasa:
The airport is about 10min from the city centre, although most tourist hotels are situated to the north and south coastal regions. Most tourist hotels have their own minibus transport that can be arranged through reception. Allow an extra half an hour for your journey to the south coast because of the Likoni Ferry crossing.

Visas: Most incoming visitors now require a visa. Multiple & single entry visas are available. Applications can be made at any Kenya High Commission or Embassy prior to traveling. The single entry visa can be obtained upon arrival at the airport.

Self-Drive: Most International car hire companies are represented in Mombasa (with offices at the airport), in addition to some enterprising locals. Vehicles travel on the left-hand side of the road and most cars are right-hand drive. A current driving license with photograph is accepted for up to 3 months stay.

Public Transport: Taxis operate at reasonable rates. They can be found at many strategic places in Mombasa town, north & south coast. Matatus – private minibuses – are much cheaper & abundant but usually overcrowded. Fares are paid to the conductor.

HOTELS
Naturally, at the Kenyan Coastline there are hotels of any kind, but if you travel in an organized safari you will probably stay at one of the large international hotels, all of them with high quality standards. The hotels, surrounded by lush gardens, are usually decorated with natural materials and ethnic motifs.The coastal resorts are normally located right at the beach, with a large swimming pool and private grounds for sunbathing. Some of them, reproduce the Swahili towns' style, with small and white two-storey buildings surrounded by tropical shaded gardens.

LODGES AND CLUBS
Lodges are the most frequent places for accommodation in parks and reserves. They usually comprise one or several common buildings that host the front desk, restaurant, shop, etc., and a series of huts or bungalows that correspond to the guests' rooms. Most of them have a swimming pool and wide gardens. Normally they are located at magnificent spots, inside or next to the parks, or near places of interest, and many of them are close to a waterhole that attracts wildlife. Of course, lodges offer full hotel service, including laundry. The clubs are halfway between hotels and lodges. They are former private clubs from the Colony days, that are now open to the public. They are usually located in large estates and offer golf course, putting green, tennis courts, swimming pools, horse riding and vast gardens. Some of them have private wildlife reserves.
More settlers' estates are gradually opening to the public. They are private wildlife reserves in which the owners have built lodging facilities. There is a range of prices, but they are normally expensive and offering world quality service.

TENTED CAMPS
Tented camps and tented lodges are closer to the lodge concept than to what their "camp" name suggests. Actually they are lodges, with full hotel services. The difference is that the walls are made of canvas instead of wood or concrete.
They are big fixed tents over wooden poles stuck into the basement. Tents are divided in bedroom and bathroom. These places try to recreate the charming atmosphere of the old safaris in the days of the great hunters, when tents were portable chalets.

CAMP SITES
Camp sites are normally located inside or near the parks and reserves. In general, services offered range from few to none, reason why you should better seek some information to know what you should bring. Basically there are two types of camp sites. The public camp sites work in a similar way to the European camps, the space is shared with other campers.
Conversely, the so-called special camp sites must be booked in an exclusive basis, the whole site for your party.
There are organised camping safaris, in which all the material is usually included in the price, except the sleeping bag. The agency provides the tents and the camping gear.
The groups normally travel in military type vehicles. A cook travels with the expedition, but the whole group cooperates in food preparation and dish washing.
Of course, outside the parks it is possible to camp freely, but in populated areas you should better ask for permission and warn the locals about your presence, besides enquiring about the security situation in the area.

GETTING AROUND
Whether you're looking for speed, comfort, sightseeing or service you'll find something to suit as you travel around Coastal Kenya.

AIR
Domestic
There is a good network of domestic flights, with carriers including Kenya Airways, Air Kenya, Mombasa Air Safari and Regional Air. Domestic air taxes are included in ticket or charter costs.
CharterThere are many domestic air charter operations. These companies offer individual or group charter in a range of aircraft. Air charter is an ideal way of visiting remote areas, or avoiding long drives.
Most charter companies will charge a set rate for a journey, regardless of the number of passengers.
There are many private and public airstrips throughout which are accessible to charter companies.

ROAD

Driving
Visitors can drive using an international driver’s license. Driving is on the left hand side and drivers should give way to traffic on their right. Distances are measured and signposted in kilometers and petrol / diesel sold by the litres.
Road conditions are variable and can be very poor in remote areas. Ensure that your vehicle is suitable for handling rough roads before embarking on a journey.
Driving at night in most areas is not advisable.
Hire Cars are widely available in Mombasa. Before hiring a car, all legalities should be thoroughly checked and appropriate contracts and waivers signed.
Most car hire companies charge a set per kilometer or unlimited rate.

Cycling
Long distance cycling is possible, but cyclists should be prepared to be very alert and wary of traffic on the major roads. Anyone seriously considering cycle travel should come fully prepared and equipped with a repair kit and some spare parts. This will make repairs on the road much easier.
Competent bicycle "fundis" (mechanics) are usually found in most towns.
In many tourist areas, bicycles are available for hire for a day or half day. This is a good way to explore some areas.

Taxi
In Mombasa, taxis are widely available, and convenient.
Taxis are often parked in the street around hotels and tourist areas. Hotels and restaurants can order taxis if necessary.
Taxis are not metered, and a price should be agreed with the driver before departure. Ask for local advice or at your hotel for correct rates. In Mombasa there are several companies operating Dial Taxi services with phone bookings, modern vehicles, competent drivers and reasonable rates. Several Taxi companies have airport booking offices.
The 3 wheelers vehicles (Tuk Tuk) of South East Asia are becoming increasingly popular as taxis at the Coast. Once again, fares need to be negotiated in advance.

Bus
Buses can be boarded at any stop and tickets purchased on board.
Buses also regularly run between most cities and towns. There are several bus companies with extensive inter-country networks. Buses also run across borders into Uganda, Tanzania and Ethiopia.
Buses are an inexpensive way to travel the country, although there are safety considerations to be kept in mind. Ask local advice for bus companies with better safety records or reputations.
Some private bus companies now offer private bus shuttle services between Nairobi and Mombasa and Nairobi and Arusha (Tanzania) as well as city airports.

Matatu
The most popular form of public transport is the Matatu, which has become a national icon and a large part of Kenyan modern culture.


SWAHILI AND COASTAL CULTURE STUDIES
Coastal Kenya is home to the Swahili people —a maritime trading community dating as far back as the first century. The Swahili developed an extensive commercial network of seafaring communities along Africa’s Indian Ocean, linking Asia and the Middle East with the African continent. Contemporary Kenyan coastal cultures, while influenced by more-recent migrations and interactions, continue to draw heavily upon these roots.
Mombasa, the heart of commercial and cultural connections to other Indian Ocean ports, provides an ideal base from which to explore Kenya’s coastal cultures. You will travel by traditional wooden dhows, observe fresh fish catches being transported to open-air markets, and tour Fort Jesus, the 400-year-old stone edifice and gateway to the ancient city.

STUDYING AT THE COAST
Kenyans specifically coastarians widely use the phrase "Karibu" to welcome visitors into their homes and their lives with an enthusiasm and joy rarely found in other parts of the world. In this program students are welcomed into Kenyan homes in the coastal port city of Mombasa. Institutions also have a very close rapport with the Lamu community

While there, students learn about Swahili life, language, and culture through Swahili tutors who welcome them into their homes. Students may have the opportunity to go fishing on a traditional dhow, attend a Coastal or Swahili wedding ceremony, be painted with henna in the local fashion, or learn how to cook delicious Swahili dishes with their tutors. Some students have enjoyed their home stays so much that they have remained with their families during the period. Others have chosen to extend their stay in Kenya after the program and live, once again, with their new found family.

Highlights of the program include:
- Dhow trip, an excursion aboard traditional African dhow through the islands of the Lamu archipelago.
Visiting villages of historical significance
- Deep sea fishing or snorkeling off the island of Kiwayuu, with its coral caves and white sand deserted beach. By the end of the program, many students cannot believe some of the things they did and felt at the start of the semester, and they enjoy looking back to see how far they have come. So again we say "Karibu." We look forward to having more students experience the Kenyan Coast with us.

Major Attractions
Beaches, Fort Jesus Museum, Old Town, Kizingo, Mombasa Mosques, Jumba la Mtwana, Siyu Fort, Mnarani ruins, Takwa ruins these are some of major tourist and students attractions in Kenya.

Swahili Language
Swahili (locally referred to as Kiswahili) is Kenya's national language. Swahili originated on the East African coast, as a trade language used by both Arabs and coastal tribes. The language incorporated elements of both classical Arabic and Bantu dialects, and became the mother tongue of the Swahili people who themselves rose from the intermarriage of Arab and African cultures.

The word Swahili itself came from the Arabic word Sahel which means coast. But the language became a pervasive influence, and a regional lingua franca, becoming widely used throughout Kenya and Tanzania. Today, the language is also used in regions of Ethiopia, Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, the Congo and Zambia, and is the most widely spoken African language.

In Kenya, most people generally speak a tribal language at home, use Swahili as an everyday language, and English for business. Swahili is a relatively simple language, being highly phonetic with a rigid grammar. Coastal Swahili remains the most pure, and the Island of Zanzibar is considered the home of the language.
The further you travel away from the coast, the less sophisticated the language generally becomes, and grammar is slightly more flexible. Still, even a little Swahili goes a long way in Kenya. It is worth learning a little, and most Kenyans are thrilled to hear visitors attempt to use any Swahili at all.

JAMBO is one of the most common words you will hear spoken throughout Kenya. This is the simplest Swahili greeting, and is often the first word learned by visitors to Kenya. Saying Jambo is just like saying Hi!

MOMBASA

Mombasa is Kenya's second largest town and its only sizeable port. The town of Mombasa is built on an island. Mombasa is attached to the mainland by a causeway. To the north a bridge spans Tudor Creek, with views of the old harbour, linking the town with the north coast beach resorts. On the south side a frequent car and passenger ferry service plies across Kilindini Creek, close to the entrance to the modern port area with its multitude of wharfs and deep water berths, carrying tourists to the splendid beaches of the south coast. Mombasa town itself is a mystical mixture of ancient and modern with a cosmopolitan population blending Africa, Arabia, Asia and Europe.
Fringing the dhow harbour is the old town, a maze of narrow streets and pedestrian lanes with quaint shuttered houses and open fronted shops. The smell of spices is always present. Dominating the entrance to the dhow harbour is Fort Jesus, which is open to visitors and which houses an interesting museum displaying antiquities from the length of the Kenya Coast. Also on display are finds from the Portuguese warship the Santa Antonio D'Atanna which sank near the fort in 1697 while attempting to raise the Arab seige.

Mombasa is Kenya's second largest town and a sizeable port. It has a recorded history stretching back nearly 2000 years and was mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea a pilot's guide to the Indian Ocean Written by one Diogenes, a Greek living in Egypt, around the end of the first century AD. Mombasa was again mentioned by Ptolemy in the second century but then remained in relative obscurity, despite the development of a series of city states by migrant Arabs, until the adventurers, traders and conquerors visited the town beginning with Vasco da Gama in 1648.

The colonisation of the coast by the Portuguese was a hit and miss affair with the invaders sometimes showing interest and sometimes the opposite. But it was also an era of strife between the Catholic Portuguese and the Muslim Arabs. Portuguese hegemony was finally extinguished with the capture of Fort Jesus by the Arabs in 1699 just over a hundred years after it was built.

The next hundred years was a miserable record of petty wars between the minor sultans and Omani Arabs based in Muscat. Trade, except in slaves, came to a halt until an army was sent, in 1822, by the Sultan of Oman to crush the warring states and re-establish commercial activity. Some form of Arab government existed in what became known as the coastal strip until the region was declared a British sphere of influence following the treaty of Berlin in 1885.

The town of Mombasa is built on an island. Less than a century ago the builders of what was then called the Uganda railway attached the island to the mainland by a causeway. To the north a new toll bridge spans Tudor Creek, with views of the old harbour, linking the town with the north coast beach resorts. On the south side a frequent car and passenger ferry service plies across Kilindini Creek, close to the entrance to the modern port area with its multitude of wharfs and deep water berths, carrying tourists to the splendid beaches of the south coast. Mombasa town itself is a mystical mixture of ancient and modern with a cosmopolitan population blending Africa, Arabia, Asia and Europe.

Fringing the dhow harbour is the Old town, a maze of narrow streets and pedestrian lanes with quaint shuttered houses and open fronted shops. The smell of spices is always present. Dominating the entrance to the dhow harbour is Fort Jesus, which is open to visitors and which houses an interesting museum displaying antiquities from the length of the Kenya Coast. Also on display are finds from the Portuguese warship the Santa Antonio D'Atanna which sank near the fort in 1697 while attempting to raise the Arab seige.

GETTING TO MOMBASA
The gateway to the North Coast is Mombasa, although some visitors fly directly to Malindi. The Coastal highway runs north of Mombasa all the way to Kenya's northern frontier. Driving your own car or hired car as far as Malindi is very easy. There are regular buses and matatus along the North coast.Many hotels and resorts in this area have Mombasa shuttles or can arrange vehicle transfers. Private taxis from Mombasa will also take you to the North Coast beaches for an agreed fare. Malindi airport has daily scheduled flights to Mombasa, Nairobi and Lamu. The airport also serves Private Charters.

Fort Jesus Museum
Now an active museum and research center, this former fort is an excellent example of 16th century Portuguese architecture. Nkrumah Rd in the old town, the fort was built in the 17th century to defend the position for Portugal, didn’t work though and you will find much of interest on a walk around the site, including a well set out museum containing artifacts from the battles over the fort.
Attraction type: Museum; Historic site; Monument

Old Town
While you are in the area have a leisurely stroll around the town and you will notice the interesting architecture and predominantly Muslim influence on the buildings. Some of the places of interest to visit are Leven House (The old customs building), The old law courts and the Ndia Kuu (Great Way) one of Mombasa’s remain old roads.
Attraction type: Neighborhood; Historic village


Kizingo
This district lies on the southern side of the island by the lighthouse. Many large colonial style buildings line the streets and a trip to Fort St Joseph which can be reached via a path through the Mombasa Golf Club. The fort was also built by the Portuguese and is in good condition.
Mombasa Mosques Attraction type: Religious site; Architectural building; Neighborhood

MOMBASA MARINE NATIONAL PARK
The 200 Sq Km National Park managed by Kenya Wildlife Services
Mombasa Marine Reserve was formed first, to protect the previous coral heads and their resident marine life from damage by over-fishing and trophy collecting (relics, shells, coral etc). Coral species include: branching (acropora), encrusting (turbinaria) and massive (porites). The National Park opened recently with the support of local hoteliers to prevent further stripping of the natural treasures from the reef in order to preserve its ecological and tourist attraction.

MALINDI

The small but first growing town of Malindi is at the centre of a strip of idyllic tropical beaches offering the visitor a range of world class resorts and quiet relaxing hideaways. Further south, the sleepy village of Watamu is fronted by wide white beaches. This tranquil haven is home to several well established resorts, and many private guesthouses scattered through the forest along the deserted shore.
At Watamu a Marine National Park has been established, an ideal day trip for divers and snorkellers alike.
Northwest of Malindi is the spectacular Marafa Depression, locally known as Nyari and popularly known as Hell's Kitchen. An extensive series of sandstone gorges and sheer gullies, this unique and otherworldly landscape has become part of local folklore.

The thick jungles of the Arabuko Sokoke Forest reserve hide a world of wonders. In the cool of the forest winding paths will take you in search of rare endemic birds and mammals, and visiting herds of Elephant.
The forest holds another secret, the lost town of Gedi, a deserted trading Swahili town hidden deep in the forests, whose winding passages and crumbling walls tell of a long and mysterious past.
Walk through the Forest, explore the mangroves by boat, dive on the reef or try your hand at big game fishing.

Malindi history is reputed to go back a thousand years but it can only be reliably dated to the 13th century by Arabic records and dated pottery shards.
On the north side of Malindi is an extensive salt pan system for evaporating sea water for salt; an eroded wasteland of sandstone cliffs and precipices, near Marafa, known as Hell's Kitchen and a small Arabian Night's town called Mambrui complete with its Islamic and Chinese relics. Beyond that is Ngomeni, a small village and harbour at the entrance to Formosa Bay.

This great bay sweeps in an expansive arc encompassing the wide delta of Kenya's biggest river, the Tana. Near Ngomeni, and set on piles in the shallow waters of the bay is a rocket launching site where weather satellites are launched from time to time.

North from Kilifi the coast road has run virtually straight, until the turn off to Watamu, save for a gentle curve as the road skirts the wonderful bird sanctuary of Mida Creek. The creek is a broad expanse of tidal mudflats surrounded by a belt of mangrooves where three species of the eye-catching Bee-eater family enliven the dense green.

Near Mida creek is Kenya's greatest archaeological heritage, the ruined city of Gede (Gedi) whose population inexplicably vanished in the 17th century. The outer wall of this lost city encloses an area of about 18 hectares. Many of the houses together with the Sultan's palace have been excavated and partly restored; perhaps it is wandering in a lifeless city which, without fail, evokes mystery, suspense and melodrama as the visitor relives a past era.

Even at high noon when the hot sun strikes down through the surrounding jungle the rustle of monkeys or the flutter of birds can make the heart leap. Few people linger in Gede's ruined walkways as the sun's shadows lengthen.

In Watamu and the Marine Park, five hotels welcome the fisherman, the scuba diver, the water skier or those who just want to relax, sunbathe and feast on an entrancing seascape.

GETTING TO MALINDI
The gateway to the Coast is Mombasa, although some visitors fly directly to Malindi. The Coastal highway runs north of Mombasa all the way to Kenya's northern frontier. Driving your own car or hired car as far as Malindi is very easy. There are regular buses and matatus along the North coast. Many hotels and resorts in this area have Mombasa shuttles or can arrange vehicle transfers. Private taxis from Mombasa will also take you to the North Coast beaches for an agreed fare. Malindi airport has daily scheduled flights to Mombasa, Nairobi and Lamu. The airport also serves Private Charters. There are scheduled flights to Malindi.

GETTING AROUND MALINDI
Regular buses and Matatus service the North Coast Highway. Services are less regular north of Malindi. Taxis can be found in any town, or at most hotels or resorts.

MALINDI - WATAMU MARINE NATIONAL PARK

The 261sq km National Park managed by Kenya Wildlife Services.

Watamu Marine National Park and Reserve encompasses the Mida Creek mangrove forest where young coral begins its existence before the tides take it out to the reefs beyond. The forest roots are rich in fish, crabs, prawns and oysters and are also excellent for bird watching. Tewa Caves, near the mouth of the creek, are partly underwater where Giant Groupers co-exist with many other tropical fish species.The coastal resorts of Malindi and Watamu are also world leaders in the accessibility, beauty and diversity of marine life which lives just off-shore on Barracuda and North Reef coral reefs and Turtle and Whale Islands; which is the nesting ground for roseate and bridled terns from June to September when they should not be disturbed and are protected by razor sharp rocks and rough sea.
The historic Gede Ruins in Gede village offer an interesting excursion.
There is an excellent range of accommodation along this stretch of the Kenya coast.
CLIMATE: HOT AND HUMID
FEATURES:
Coral reefs
Vasco da Gama Pillar
Coral Gardens
FACILITIES
Bandas
Campsite
ACTIVITIES
Diving
Snorkelling
Emergency Warden: Malindi

LAMU

Lamu is a place like no other, a peaceful tropical island where life is lived at its own relaxed rhythm, but a place whose history is as mysterious and fascinating as the winding streets of its medieval stone town.
The town of Lamu began life as a 14th century Swahili settlement, but the island has seen many visitors and influences, including Portuguese explorers, Turkish traders and the Omani Arabs. All left their mark, but Lamu developed its own particular culture, which has ultimately endured.
Lamu's narrow streets remain unchanged, and in the markets and squares around the fort life moves at the same pace as it always has. There are no vehicles on this island, and the donkey and the dhow remain the dominant form of transport. The people of Lamu are great believers in tradition and custom, and this is a strong society built on a respect for the past.
For the traveller, Lamu is a hypnotically exotic experience, made even more enjoyable by the relaxed and welcoming attitudes of the locals. To visit Lamu is to enter another world, and the visitor finds themselves becoming a part of this world.

GETTIN TO LAMU

Lamu is best accessed by air. There are scheduled flights daily from Nairobi, Mombasa, Diani Beach and Malindi. The island is serviced by an airstrip on neighbouring Manda Island. The strip can also be used by private charters. A dhow ferries arriving passengers to either Lamu town or Shella. Many yachts also come to Lamu, often sheltering in the channel near Shella.

GETTING AROUND LAMU ISLAND

There are no vehicles on Lamu. The winding streets of the towns are best explored on foot. Shela village and the beaches are also accessible by foot. Alternatively dhows regularly carry paying passengers back and forth from Lamu town to Shella. To access the surrounding islands of Manda, Pate or Siyu, either take an organized Dhow Safari or for the adventurous traveller, just hitch a ride on a passing dhow and explore. It is also possible to hire donkeys to ride around the island.

Siyu Fort

Siyu Fort is located in Siyu, one of the Swahili settlements in the Lamu archipelago. The town dates back to at least the 15th century. The present village of Siyu is still known for its well-established leather craft, including sandals, belts and stools. It became famous in the late 19th century, when it resisted Omani domination, culminating in the building of the Fort as an effort by the Omani Arabs to subdue the residents of Siyu.

Takwa

The ruins of Takwa are located on Manda Island, a 30 minute boat ride from Lamu town.
Takwa ruins are the remains of a thriving 15th and 16th century Swahili trading town before it was abandoned in the 17th century. It is not only important because of its period of occupation but also because of its dense settlement and it’s relatively well preserved remains.
The unique Friday Mosque with a large pillar a top the qibla wall is among the most notable features. This pillar is believed to symbolize the burial of a Sheikh below the wall. The position of the site at the narrowest location on the whole island was most probably a strategy. Takwa's position/location with shallow waters must have been of considerable importance especially during its peak, when many of the sails that came into view were likely to be hostile. Therefore access to the site must have been primarily from the shallow channel which could only admit vessels of shallow draft.
Takwa's eventual abandonment in the 17th century was possibly due to salination of the once fresh water and fighting between Takwa and Pate people. These ruins were gazetted as a National Monument in 1982.

KIUNGA MARINE NATIONAL RESERVE IN LAMU

The 250 sq. Km National marine Park is managed by Kenya Wildlife Services.
The low tide is best to make a trip. Floating slowly over the coral beds you get to see brilliantly coloured marine fishes of bizarre shapes, spiny fish urchins, brightly hued seas slugs, crabs and starfish.
The coral reefs are home to over 140 species of hard and soft corals. Their symbiotic relationship with the chlorophyll generating plants gives the corals their spectacular night-time

phosphorescent colours. The reef plays a diverse role. As well as bio-diversity strongholds, they are breeding grounds for fish and other marine life, a vital barrier against the force of the sea, protecting marine organisms and tourist recreation, they keep out dangerous sharks common to the deeper waters, and their colour and the exotic coral fish they support provides a major attraction for tourists.

CLIMATE: HOT AND HUMID

AIRSTRIP: One in Dodori National Reserve

EMERGRNCY: Warden lamu

DODORI NATIONAL RESERVE IN LAMU

The 877 sq Km National reserve is managed by Kenya Wildlife Services.
Dodori National Reserve was opened in 1976 to preserve a breeding ground for the East Lamu Topi, pelicans and with other local birdlife. Covering 877sq kms with views of Dodori River and creek outlet with the densest, most varied species of mangrove forest in Kenya. Lion, Lesser Kudu, giraffe and hippo are also common to this Reserve.
Birds already noted are palmut vulture, Southern branded harrier eagle, honey buzzard, brown hooded kingfisher, European and carmine bee-eaters, brown breasted barbet and violet breasted sunbird There is no accomodation in this park.

AIRSTRIP: One
EMERGENCY: Warden Lamu.
CLIMATE: Hot and Humid.
ACTIVITIES: Game Viewing.

Lamu & the Lamu Archipelago

Lamu is a town, an island and an archipelago. Throughout the archipelago there are numerous historical sites; visible and tangible evidence of ten centuries of a colourful, and often violent, past. Most of these settlements are Arab in origin and started as small trading stations. As these small colonies grew they absorbed much from the local people and a distinct Afro-Arab culture emerged. This culture, which came to be known as Swahili today, dominates not only Lamu but the urban centres of Mombasa and Malindi and its language has become the principal lingua franca of East and Central Africa.

No one comes to Lamu only for the beach. The town is now well known for a delightful anachronism carrying on its daily life as it has done for centuries so that the visitor has a science fiction experience of being transported back through time. Settlement dates back to the 14th century and by the 19th Lamu was a flourishing trading community. But labour emigration and a fall in value of its exports brought, in the early days of this century, an end to its heyday.

There are still many manifestations of the elegant, refined life led by the richer folk in past eras. If you can be shown the interiors of some of the grander mansions, from the outside appearing both formidable and similar, you will find enormously intricate plasterwork unknown in the rest of Islam. The architecture is admirably suited to the climate - a series of open plan galleries almost always without doors, and interior courtyards open to the sky which ensure shade and calm against the tropical sun.
In the centre of the town stands the fort. Built for Omani invaders around 1812 it later became a prison and is now a cultural centre operated through the museum.

The building is on the waterfront, occupying a house once the home and office of colonial district commissioners. Before that it had housed Queen Victoria's consul - one Captain Jack Haggard, brother of the more celebrated author of King Solomon's Mines

SHIMONI

Further to the South Coast, the small fishing village of Shimoni is home to a series of deep mysterious coastal caves that stretch from the sea deep into the jungles. Historically, these caves were long used as a refuge for Dhow Sailors, Arab slavers and explorers. Shimoni is also an excellent base for big game fishing in the waters of the Pemba Channel.

Remaining in the south coast, Diani town is the home of different classes of hotels, villas, cotteages.

Imagine you wake up to the sound of the waves and as you open your eyes, a smiling face brings your tea or juice to the room. You sit up in bed, sipping a refreshing drink and watch as right in front of your eyes, the world outside is a mesmerising display of orange, pink and red.... a splash of colours to awaken every sense.... as the sun rises over the ocean....
That's just the beginning. This imaginary scene comes true, in a boutique hotel on Diani beach which designed to provide every guest with their own personal pathways to peace.
GETTING TO SOUTH COAST

The gateway to the South Coast is Mombasa. There are no bridges from Mombasa Island to the South Coast, and a vehicular ferry is used to cross the Likoni channel. Driving to the south coast is very easy. There are regular buses and Matatus along the south coast strip.
Many hotels and resorts in this area have Mombasa shuttles or can arrange vehicle transfers. Private taxis from Mombasa will also take you to the South Coast for an agreed fare. There is an airstrip at Ukunda for Charter flights. For those entering Kenya by land via the coast, the South Coast highway crosses the border after the town of Lunga Lunga. There is a border post and immigration office.

GETTING AROUND SOUTH COAST

Regular buses and matatus service the South Coast Highway. Taxis can be found in any town, or at most hotels or resorts.


SHIMBA HILLS NATIONAL RESERVE IN SHIMBA HILLS

The 320 sq km National reserve managed by Kenya Wildlife Service
There are a number of short walking trails at Elephant Lookout and Pengo Hill and the falls. Shimba Hills is an easy drive and offers beautiful, lush scenery. It has a unique and botanically rich coastal rainforest. Two of Kenya's most beautiful orchids can be found here.
Another rare species, unique to the Reserve, is the Sable Antelope with its handsome near-black coat. Game includes: roan antelope, buffalo, elephant, giraffe, lion, leopard, bush baby, black faced vervet monkey, sykes' monkey, black and white colobus, serval, duiker, suni, bushbuck.
There is one lodge with 31 rooms, one self-help banda site with 8 beds and two camp sites.

KILIFI

A pretty town on the banks of the Kilifi Creek, Kilifi is home to arty/yachtie communities who have snatched up the land alongside the lovely creek and gather in the evenings to drink and tell their stories.
For many years the only means of crossing the creek was by ferry, but a bridge was built which is not as much fun, but more practical. Not that many people stop in Kilifi, but it is worth breaking your journey to look at the Mnarani Ruins.

GETTING TO AND AROUND NORTH COAST

Regular buses and Matatus service the North Coast Highway. Services are less regular north of Malindi. Taxis can be found in any town, or at most hotels or resorts

Jumba la Mtwana

Located approximately 30 kilometers north of Mombasa city on Kenya's northern mainland, this site represents the remains of a 13th century Swahili settlement.
Abandoned about a hundred years after its foundation, Jumba can still boast magnificent standing remains of domestic houses, mosques and tombs. The domestic houses are rich in carved niches and arched doors, forming part of the decorative motifs. Its name literally means "large house of the slave".
A stroll through the ancient ruins provide a sense of what life must have been like over 600 years ago, when it was a home of Swahili fishermen, craftsmen and merchants who traded precious products from the African interior with their maritime trading partners from India and Arabia. Excavations at the site, the most recent being in 1991, have revealed numerous artifacts including decorated local pottery and shell beads, imported Chinese and Islamic ceramics, and glass beads. Located on a beautiful stretch of sandy beach, among giant boabab trees and rich foliage, Jumba is a popular venue for residents and tourists alike.

Facilities: Small site museum, ticket office, cold sodas, shower and toilet facilities, beach.

North Coast Beaches
The coastline North of Mombasa is a world of enthralling history and natural beauty. The coast is lined with pristine palm fringed beaches, and the calm inviting waters of the Indian Ocean. The beaches are broken by the wide mouth of Kilifi Creek, whose azure waters are a popular port of call on the international yachting circuit.
The beaches of Nyali, Vipingo, Kikambala and Shanzu are home to a wide range of World Class resorts with fine cuisine and services. The peaceful beach havens of Mtwapa and Takaungu offer an ideal escape from the outside world, with endless deserted beaches.
The offshore reefs are alive with coral, myriad fish, sea turtles and dolphins. Both outer and inner reef walls offer world class diving with spectacular coral gardens and drop offs.

Mnarani

The ruins of the Swahili settlement of Mnarani are located on the south bank of the Kilifi Creek on Kenya's north coast. Among the ruins are a magnificient Pillar Tomb, which was recently dismantled and carefully reconstructed to avoid potential collapse.